Poverty Reduction Through The Local Level Environmental Sciences Essay

In Nepal 80 of the entire population are agricultural base. The Agricultural plan focal points on poorness relief and bettering nutrient security, nutrition and environment improving. Across undertaking many have International and National non-governmental organisation are speaking of concern development services ( BDS ) or value -chain attack. The BDS attack includes an accent in on constructing the capacity of supply concatenation endeavors to fabricate and administer agricultural equipment and inputs that are suited for smallholders, and set uping private sector markets. I/NGOS build the capacity of private endeavors to supply embedded preparation services for husbandmans with the sale of imputes or the purchase of end products. For illustration, micro irrigation equipment traders train husbandmans to utilize irrigation system that they sell and besides provide agribusiness advice for system purchasers. Many of I/NGOs attack besides include supplying proficient aid to early engineering adoptive parents to make demand for concern services. These attacks besides includes strong Public Private Partnership ( PPP ) with the governmental to guarantee that public goods such as market information, substructure, research, policy, H2O beginning development, and other public services to better bomber sector public presentation are supplied.Market OrientedNepal is in alone place to quickly increase agribusiness incomes through development of high value trade goods for export markets. Nepal has a comparative advantage in high -value trade goods due to agro-climate conditions that allow for off -season/ low -cost production for huge South Asiatic Markets. Despite holding identified this scheme more than 15th – 18th old ages ago. Nepal lags behind in incorporating smallholder husbandman for export chances. Nepal remains a net importer for many trade goods for which it has comparative advant age. Most of the I/NGOs are taking lead to develop systems that enable smallholder to take advantage of export chances across undertakings. For illustrations one of the I/NGO ‘s has been lunching agribusiness addition incomes and better nutrient security and nutrition progarmme coverage ‘s in 40 District out of 75 District in Nepal. Their programme coverage straight 85000 families ( 600000 people ) to get away poorness and set up invigorated sub sectors that will be grow sustainable, supplying new chances for 1000000s of hapless smallholders into the hereafter. Despite the hard insurgence conditions in Nepal the Agriculture programe had a enormous twelvemonth in 2004, spread outing plan activities and support, developing new enterprises, and holding a really strong development impact. Impact 2004, I/NGO ‘s work straight with 1000s of group of family in increasing one-year incomes by about $ 100.00 per family and set uping supply ironss and market channels that were recognized with high degree visitants to field site.Support for peace BuildingOne of the major causes fueling struggle in Nepal is a deficiency of economic chances and a failure of authorities and donor-supported development plans to make deprived communities and the rural hapless. A recent study for NDI found that the figure one concern of the Nepali people was a deficiency of economic chance followed by the increased force. These I/NGO ‘s are working to supply commercial chances to hapless and disadvantage families. Opportunities such as horticultural production are good suited to the rural hapless who have surplus labour relation to set down resources as non-timber wood merchandises and harvests such as java and tea, and farm animal use fringy lands. These plans are triping the authorities to present services to the rural hapless and are demoing that markets can work to the aid the hapless and deprived flight poorness.Inaugural support for MicronutrientSome I/NGO ‘s has initiated activities to turn to micronutrient lacks in rural diets using agribusiness solutions. The broad impact of micronutrient lacks on cognitive development and human wellness is one of the most urgent jobs for the hapless in Nepal and developing states. It is now recognized that micronutrient lacks and poorness are reciprocally reenforcing, with micronutrients lack being a major cause every bit good as a consequence of poorness. These I/NGO ‘s participated in the different International Conference on micronutrient lack in Kathmandu and development linkages wi th effects to turn to this major job. Some I/NGO ‘s are working to present research consequences into supply ironss that serve smallholders such as appropriate micronutrient dirt amendments, assortments with greater micronutrient content and developing more diversified diets. Increased vegetable production has besides reduced local veggie monetary values enabling many more hapless families to increase their vegetable ingestion and better their nutritionary position.Associating Clean EnergyI/NGO ‘s Agriculture developments a partnership with their Clean Energy plan to associate clean energy engineerings to agriculture activities. I/NGO ‘s are working to development and use appropriate solar drying engineerings for gardening green goods, gasification engineering for application of heat in distillment procedures and drying, and the usage of electricity for irrigation pumping. Few programmes are besides join forcesing to set up Internet information services kiosks in d istant countries.Agribusiness MarketsI/NGO ‘s took a lead in using ICT solutions to associate smallholder to markets. The Nepal Tree Crop Global Development Alliance ( NTC-GDA ) assisted in development of a tea publicity web site for an industry association ( www.nepaltea.com.np ) , Business Development Services-Marketing and Production Services ( BDS-MaPa ) is working to make the same for an non-timber wood merchandises ( NTFP ) industry association, smallholder Irrigation Markets Initiative ( SIMI ) has linked with authorities and community wireless to supply practical monetary value information that is assisting smallholders make determinations, and circulating market information ( www.agripricenepal.com.np ) , and to develop trade fiting e-commerce services.Programme SuccessI/NGO ‘s have straight benefited 1000s of families with preparation and aid. Each of these families represents success narratives of households that have increased their income and realized their possible better.Off -Season Vegetables ProductionOff Season vegetable cultivation has a high potency in the mountain countries. Vegetable harvests have added significance due to the of import engagement of adult females in all facets of production. Off-season production of vegetable bid monetary value two to three times higher than chief season production the same. The successful cultivation of off-season veggies in Nepal has made a important impact on the local economic system with the supply of veggies in the domestic markets. The chief fresh veggies in high demand during the off-season are tomatoes, Brassica oleracea botrytis, chou, pepper chilies and cucumber etc.Case StudyOrganic small town in the stateThe adult females framers of Thaligaon small town have made committedness to set up the whole small town as organic small town by avoiding chemical fertiliser and pesticides. For this they have started acquiring developing on organic direction, usage of compost and piss. The cons truct and induction behind this instance goes to DADO, Kathmandu who helped to associate this plan with FtF Nepal and developed a SOW to construct co-ops capacity, cognition and proficient cognize how about organic framing. Further a unpaid cooperation signifier FtF plan enhanced strength to travel further towards organic small town. Actually this is non the instance of far distant small town. This small town is merely 11 Kilometer from Kathmandu metropolis and 25 proceedingss from the nearest route caputs. With induction from the adult females the co-op with 28 members named Panchakanya Krishi Sahakari Sastha Ltd was established in early 2004 with consciousness of and concerned about nutrient safety and household wellness. The members of the concerted peculiarly adult females were concerned of the wellness and fiscal benefit of organic framing and hence determined to turn their green goods in organic manner and set up as co-ops. With their committednesss, major betterments took topographic point in the small town. Government supported to build 10000-meter route to transport veggies by supplying NRs. 470,000 ( US $ 6714.00 ) . Agriculture office provided organic preparation, developed resource individual and provided continued backstopping. Likewise voluntary from FtF plan provided expertness in organic framing and organic enfranchisement. FtF has besides helped the co-op to set up linkages between the â€Å" National Cooperative Development Board ( NCDB ) and the Department of Agriculture ( DoA ) . Due to this the concerted received NRs 100,000 ( US $ 1428.00 ) recognition from NCDB to construct a concerted organic centre in the small town and building is underway. NCDB besides committed to back up the co-op through preparations and organisational development. With all these back up husbandman of this small town are confident to turn organic veggies, they are cognizant of systematic direction, can different to turn organic inorganic and capable of packaging, rating and selling of organic veggies, They have besides made addition in income i.e. from NRs. 3000-4000 ( US $ 500.00 -700.00 ) 512 square metre before and NRs. 5000-7000 ( US $ 750.00- 1050.00 ) 512 square metre after organic direction. Now they are besides capable of supplying input to other groups as a resource individual. Therefore such type of committedness to be as organic agriculturist will hold positive impact on wellness, income, and the environment sector. The acquisition from this co-op will be an illustration for sustainable production.Small IrrigationI/NGO ‘s working with IDE has demonstrated on a big graduated table the value of micro irrigation in leting smallholders to command H2O resources enabling them to take advantage of market chance in gardening /NTEP merchandises. In Nepal I/NGO ‘s promoted micro irrigation engineerings including the pedal ( pes ) pump for the Terai and drip irrigation, sprinkler, and low cost H2O storage in the hills. These really low cost engineerings were developed by spouse IDE and are wholly produced by the private sector in Nepal. I/NGO ‘s and IDE focal point on developing the supply concatenation fro-micro irrigation equipment supplying generic publicity that private sector providers can non afford to originate. In the Nepali hills SIMI has identified the effectivity if associating micro irrigation to small-scale community H2O development trough multi usage piped H2O systems that supply H2O fro-domestic usage, farm animal, and micro irrigation. Nepal SIMI working with communities development 16 such systems in 3 hill territories. IDE -development H2O storage armored combat vehicle options have reduced the cost of these systems. Average costs for SIMI piped H2O systems were approximately $ 80.00 per family. In the hill micro irrigation users ‘ first twelvemonth returns exceeded $ 100.00 including equipment cost ; this means that communities can retrieve the full cost of their H2O system within one twelvemonth.Research ProgrammeI/NGO ‘s are keeping its historical roots in agribusiness research with active plans working the research community focused on associating research consequences to agro inputs supply ironss for such merchandises as pheromone traps, micronutrient applications , intercrossed tomato seed development, dirt solarisation, hail rock protection, station crop engineerings, java pulpers, distilechnologies, and drying engineerings.Sustainable AgribusinessI/NGO ‘s undertakings are working to present IPM technologies into the supply concatenation and have developed enfranchisement systems for smallholder organic tea and aromatic oils. They have pioneered an effectual attack to aggregating smallholder green goods. Farmer groups set up selling commissions that develop aggregation centres. The centres have linkages with consumers and bargainers. Many direction commissions ‘ members are adult females in including the financial officer and president. These centres are now formal co-op and are salvaging financess for in break. BDS: Business Development Servicess NDI: ICT: Information Communication Technology NTC-GDA The Nepal Tree Crop Global Development Alliance BDS-MaPa: Business Development Services-Marketing and Production Servicess NTFP: Non-Timber Forest Products

Much Ad About Nothing Essay

Write about the ways in which Shakespeare presents the relationship between Beatrice and Benedick in Much Ado About Nothing and compare it with the ways in which relationships are presented in ‘Sonnet 130’, ‘Sonnet 43’ and ‘Salome’. In Much Ado About Nothing, Shakespeare presents an interesting relationship between the characters of Beatrice and Benedick. We can compare their relationships with the poems ‘Sonnet 130’, ‘Sonnet 43’ and ‘Salome’ and the relationships presented in them. Although Shakespeare includes a conventional relationship between Hero and Claudio, he also decides to involve a different affair between Beatrice and Benedick. One of these moments where we can begin to understand their relationship is during the First Meeting. In Act 1 Scene 1, Benedick uses imagery of a bird to mock Beatrice. On line 126, Benedick says to Beatrice â€Å"Well, you are a rare parrot-teacher†. Benedick could be mocking Beatrice by suggesting that she can’t say anything original and only copies what others say, therefore relating to the imagery of a parrot. However, the word ‘rare’ shows that Benedick recognises the unique characteristics of Beatrice and that she is standing out from the crowd, consequently hinting his disguised love for her. Additionally, this quotation also relates to the context of time as women, in those days, could be punished for talking too much. Benedick could be taking advantage of the conventions of time to put Beatrice in her place in their relationship with each other. The parrot imagery can also relate to a poem called Sonnet 130. This is because, in Sonnet 130, the poe t says â€Å"I love to hear her speak, yet well i know, That music hath a far more pleasing sound;†. We can link the first phrase of Sonnet 130 with Benedicks quote of a ‘rare’ parrot-teacher. By including the word rare before the imagery of a bird, suggests that although Beatrice may talk too much, Benedick still enjoys listening to her speak hence relating to Sonnet 130 â€Å"I love to hear her speak†. As well as this, the second line of Sonnet 130 â€Å"that music hath far more a pleasing sound† links to why Benedick uses the imagery of a bird to mock Beatrice in the first place. As he includes the phrase ‘parrot-teacher’, it indicates that even though he enjoys listening to her speak, perhaps as she speaks too much, means that there are better things to  be heard. Overall, within the First Meeting of Beatrice and benedick, Shakespeare begins an interesting relationship causing the audience to be intrigued and persuaded to keep watching. Shakespeare proceeds with their relationship in Scene 1 Act 11 at the Masked Ball. Here, Benedick and Beatrice are presented as hostile towards one another as Benedick is masked, unable to reveal his identity, as Beatrice is basically insulting him while pretending that she doesn’t know who he really is. She says that Benedick will â€Å"break a comparison or two on me, which peradventure not marked, or not laughed at, strikes him into melancholy, and then there’s a partridge wing saved, for the fool will eat no supper that night.† She is making the case that benedick is so weak-minded that no one will laugh at his jokes. Then Benedick will be so upset that no one listens to his witty comparisons that he loses his appetite and is unable even to eat a partridge wing, which would be a small meal anyway. But perhaps the idea of consuming food could be changed to create a more interesting insight of Beatrice’s insult. Beatrice could also be saying that Benedick is weak but has lost his appetite not for food but for life because he is regarded so low by his friends. It could also be a reference to Benedick losing his sexual appetite. In Beatrice’s quote, she uses a powerful metaphor to insult Benedick’s manhood. This would be particularly astonishing given the context of time: women were expected to say less than men. However, in this scene Beatrice is particularly outspoken by saying something which is immensely rude; this is completely going against the conventions of time. Beatrice would also be living up to the expectation at the time as women were more sexual than men and would be prone to having affairs and ultimately cuckolding men. We could compare Benedick and Beatrice relationship throughout the Masked Ball with the poem ‘Salome’. Salome presents someone who is confessing to something that they are guilty of. One line says ‘cut out the booze and the fags and the sex.’ This indicates that the person is wanting to lose their appetite for sex whereas within Beatrice’s insult towards Benedick, it refers to a possibility of Benedick losing his sexual appetite without wanting to. Furthermore, we could link when Beatrice says ‘for the fool will eat no supper tonight’ to another quote from Salome: ‘was his head on a platter’. Perhaps when Beatrice says that Benedick will have no supper, she could really mean that he is the supper.

A Report On Effectiveness Of Ultrasound Education Essay

Ultrasound technique has been used in the past 60 old ages in medical services. It has since developed significantly and its function is more advanced and recognised by patients and wellness professions. Diagnostic imagination is an of import portion of the wellness service, US is one of this household, which contributes greatly to the patient ‘s directions. Title of this survey is:Effectiveness of Ultrasound ( US ) imaging in Genito-urinary system ( GUS ) for diagnostic intents: A comprehensive comparing with other modes in position of safety and handiness.Every mode has some sort of restrictions and advantages. Safety is a major issue in utilizing imaging techniques. Ultrasound is considered as one of the safest and most readily available imaging mode ( Bates, 1999 ) . However, these advantages do non warrant the undermining of the other modes, because restrictions in ultrasound can be overcome by other modes for patient directions. GUT is prone to many diseases in which some of them are life endangering ( Ref ) , patient directions require an efficient method for diagnosing. Sonography plays a great function in this respect. Some of the common GUT diseases:Infection, Glomerular disease,Diseases related to blood circulation:Atherosclerosis can do hypofunction. High blood pressure can take to mortification of the glomeruli.Metabolic disease:chronic nephritic failure, diabetes.Cysts:lone, multiple, inbornTumors:affects kidney, ureter, vesica and urethraRenal cell carcinoma:Wilm ‘s tumorBladder tumorsNephritic rocks and urinary piece of land obstructorSurvey Purposes:Advantages and disadvantages of US imaging in GUT.Can US be the first mode of pick in GUT imagination?Study Aims:Study the usage of US imaging in GUT.Study the restriction of US imaging in GUT.Accuracy of US imaging for diagnostic intents.Cover the latest engineering in US imagination.BackgroundUltrasound is a sound wave that can non be heard by human ears, it uses a frequence above 20,000 Hz ( Ref ) . The moving ridges are converted by engineering to enable us to see constructions within our organic structures, which is really utile for medical intents ( Szabo, 2004 ) . Ultrasound attenuates otherwise in human organic structure depending on tissues ‘ fading coefficients, and tissues reflect wave otherwise, in which a assortment of strength and contrast images are produced. Main advantages of ultrasound compared to other modes that justify this survey are:No major known hazardImmediate diagnose or referral for farther scrutinyReadily availableShort waiting clipPatient convenienceCost effectualReal clip imageNon-invasiveGood contrast of soft tissueCan separate between stable and traveling tissue ( Doppler consequence )Ultrasound scrutiny in GUT has a broad scope of usage. Imaging starts from kidneys down to bladder, urethra, and venereal variety meats. Ultrasound can observe many pathologies and abnormalcies in this system without the demand for farther scrutinies. In fact, some pathology such as obstructors and tumors can be detected without intercessions, while other modes intervene such as utilizing contrast agents ( Ref ) . Other modes used in GUTX-ray utilizations ionizing radiation as the rule of bring forthing radiogram, widely used in initial GUT scrutinies for being convenience and fast with high rate of diagnostic value images ( ref ) .Computed Tomography ( CT ) Scan, uses ionizing radiation as the rule of bring forthing radiogram, widely used for farther scrutiny in GUT system. Produces high-resolution two-dimensional images ( can be reconstructed to 3-dimension ) . Very sensitive in observing different lesions, concretion, obstructor and bleeding. Main concern about utilizing CT is the high radiation dosage to the patient ( Ref ) .Magnetic Resonance Imaging ( MRI ) , uses a strong magnetic field to aline H atoms in the organic structure, pulsations of wireless moving ridges sent to realine and aline H atoms, during this, H atoms let go of energy, which is detected to bring forth great contrast images peculiarly of soft tissue. MRI scan can supply definite reply to uncertain instances because of its superior soft-tissue contrast when other mode can non. The function of MRI in GUT is largely in distinguishing benign lesions from malignant if CT has contraindication to the patient ( Ref ) .Nuclear Medicine Imaging ( NMI ) , Radiopharmaceuticals administered to the patients so that the patient become radioactive, Gamma camera scan the patient and detects gamma beam emitted from the radiation and so concept images from these informations. NMI chiefly used to analyze the map in GUT system and look into the obstructors ( Ref ) .This thesis reviews literature in relation to ultrasound scrutiny in GUT system. Comparing the usage of other mode while look intoing pathology of a patient. Why in some instances ultrasound is the first pick of usage, why it is non in other instances? This paper can heighten the advantages of the scrutiny and reexamine the progresss in this engineering, these can back up patient directions and besides be used in instruction. The inquiry needs to be answered in this survey: is US effectual plenty to be the first pick scrutiny in GUT system issues? What makes it to be the first pick? What makes it non to be? The survey efforts to analyze the conditions in which US scrutiny can supply doubtless replies to indicants. All beginnings that have relevant information will be used, and the chief database hunt will be Medline, CINAHL, Psycinfo, Embase, AMED, PubMed and e-books.

Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1992 Essay

Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1992 - Essay Example This particular one sets the onus on the employers to notify Heath and Safety Executive in case such a crane is installed on site. Many other regulations have been adopted of late and some will be visited in the paper. The paper will also look into current legislation and accident data with emphasis on European ‘Six Pack’ and the CDM regulations of 2007. Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1992 The ‘Six Pack’ was formulated in 1992 by the European Commission. European directives made it possible for the ‘Six Pack’ to be incorporated in the British health and safety laws. The ‘Six Pack’ actually consists of six regulations that are quoted extensively. The one that has gained much prominence over the years is the Management Regulations which means the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations. In this regulation the employer is left with the onus of assessing risks that may befall employees during work. Self employed persons are also included where they are to assess the health and safety risks they may be exposed to while in their workplaces. For those firms that have five or more employees, sufficient findings need to be made in respect to assessments carried out and find out those employees who may be specifically at risk (Griffith & Howarth 2008). This risk assessment approach is one of the modern issues incorporated into the general legislations menu. Employee’s duties on the other hand are supposed to use machinery and all equipments and substances in accordance with the laid out safety standards received during training and other regulations stipulated by their employer so long as such an employer is fully compliant with the general guidelines. Employees are also supposed to report any fellow employee whose conduct poses health and safety risk or that which manifests shortcomings that may result in the same. They are also to inform the employer of any colleagues whose trai ning and instructions are posing risks to health and safety of others. The Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 Notable in it are duties of both the employer and the employees in maintaining the required health and safety standards. The employer for instance is supposed to avoid as far as it is reasonably practical instances where employees are to manually handle operations which put them at risk of being injured. In case the above is not possible due to impracticability, the employer is needed to reduce the chances of employees sustaining injuries. They are also supposed to offer information regarding load capacity and its heavy sides for them to position the centre of gravity appropriately (Health & Safety Commission 1995). Continuous assessment is necessary for the above as long as the employer views them as invalid or that changes have occurred that inherently reduce the risks. Employees on the other hand are supposed to use all systems provided in the right manner by fol lowing the laid out regulations. The Health and Safety Display Screen Equipment Regulations 1992 This is the other regulation in the ‘Six Pack’ which concentrates on the use of safety measures in workstations. In this regard the employer is supposed to ensure that their workstations are in usable condition by their employees/ operators. Such workstations are also supposed to meet the minimum requirements laid down in other legislations. The employer should also regulate work routines of users of display screen equipments so as to reduce exposure.

Scientific Revolution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Scientific Revolution - Research Paper Example Therefore, the important figures of the development of scientific thinking appear to be the colleagues, who worked on common range of problems and were guided by the same set of rules. The detailed analysis of scientific history and philosophy found an extremely distorted and romanticized picture of the actual situation. It turned out that the history of science was not as straightforward as it had been represented before. Despite the technological successes, the science not necessarily brings us to more accurate description of the reality. The most famous representative of such views was an American physicist and historian of science Thomas Kuhn. The current paper makes an attempt to analyze Copernicus’ discoveries from the position of Kuhn’s theory and his concept of â€Å"scientific revolution†. We will also try to find the gaps in the theory to see if the claim for the universalism of his paradigm is legitimate. Kuhn’s interest in the development of sc ientific theories and scientific revolutions grew out from the consideration of the fundamental differences between social and natural sciences. During his investigations, Kuhn became convinced that, in historical perspective, the development of science is far from smoothness and uniqueness. ... The paradigm is as essential for science in terms of observation and experiment. Allegiance to the certain paradigm is a crucial condition of any serious scientific affair. Science cannot observe and recognize the diversity of a particular phenomenon, because it is not able to conduct all possible experiments and perform all laboratory and clinical tests. In this respect, the scientist has to reduce the studied problem to the working volume. His choice of the set of methodological tools and ideas will be dictated by the system of beliefs of the paradigm he belongs to (Marcum 61). When most of the scientific community accepts a paradigm, it becomes mandatory guide. Once the paradigm is taken, it grows as a powerful catalyst for scientific progress. Kuhn called this stage â€Å"normal science† (Marcum 59). Most of the scientists are engaged in normal science all the time, and that is why this particular part of scientific activity has become a synonymous of science in general. N ormal science is based on the assumption that the scientific community knows what the Universe is. While the existence of the paradigm is taken for granted, only the problems for which the solution can be assumed are considered legitimate. The latter guarantees the quick success of normal science. In such circumstances, the scientific community restraints and suppresses any novelty, because innovations are harmful to the main duty of the community. Paradigm determines the field of solved questions, imposes acceptable methods, and set of standard solutions. Normal science solves the problems, but produces a little new (Marcum 60). At the certain stages of development of science paradigm becomes a conceptual â€Å"straitjacket†

Mock Teacher Interview on Assessment Research Paper

Mock Teacher Interview on Assessment - Research Paper Example Those who volunteer and raise hands are mostly the fast learners and the rest, are either slow learners or mob of non-interested students. How would you to help slow learners understand without boring the fast learners? It often gets very challenging to achieve this. However, I address this issue by reserving the last ten minutes of my class to address the confusions and queries of the slow learners. Besides, I also welcome the students to approach me in the free time and discuss their issues. What ways would you use to help students who repeatedly fail to do their homework despite punishments?   The school management needs to be convinced into taking certain measures to address this issue because the only way I think students can be made to do their homework is to make them do it in the classroom. The school administration should provide assistants to supervise the children while they do their homework in class after the break-off time. How would you handle a class which has given up hope of ever passing your subject?   One way is to request the administration to remove me from the faculty list for that particular class because if not me, some other teacher may be able to take them to the required level. I have hardly another option if this does not work.

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 6

Essay Example Christina Hoff Sommers, in â€Å"Philosophers Against the Family† discusses that there is a false dichotomy as there is the great divide which distinguishes the radical feminist from the simply feminine and the mutual exclusivity of the two concepts which completely overlooks the reality that both can co-exist. Sommers (2005) offers that there is a middle ground, though this has not been widely recognized by both views, especially radical feminism in the United States. Liberal feminism gives focus on reforms which touches base on the very root of feminism. The oppression and the discrimination that necessarily entails sexism as commonly seen in the workplace and in society is the very nature that belittles women and that affects them on a regular basis. This is the fight of feminism on a daily basis that is in the heart of the average woman and her understanding of what feminism is. This, however, is far removed from the philosophical feminist’s view. â€Å"But to be a ntisexist in the technical, radical philosophical sense is not merely to be opposed to discrimination against women; it is to be for what Wasserstrom calls the assimilationalist ideal† (Sommers, 2005, p.313). The truly antisexist in this sense would neither fight nor agree for laws that give preference to women such as maternity leave. Equality is achieved by overlooking and consequently extinguishing gender and all notions that come with it. The wider perspective that transcends the philosophical feminist movement is best understood by first appreciating the average woman. â€Å"The average woman enjoys her femininity† (Sommers, 2005, p.314). She has goals which include being with a man, having children and maintaining a career with the same opportunities that her male counterpart has. â€Å"These are the goals that women actually have, and they are not easily attainable. But they will never be furthered by an elitist radical movement that views the actual aspirations of women as the product of a false consciousness† (Sommers, 2005, p.314). The goals and aspirations of the average woman must first be understood in order to make a correlation with these and how they are achieved. The characterization of a woman in the realistic sense juxtaposed to the ideal woman of the radical feminist movement made by the author brings forth a wider understanding on why the two concepts cannot meet. The illustration made by the radical feminist movement of the woman is arguably deductive and brings it to a realm that makes it incomprehensible most especially to the average woman herself. The false consciousness that is attributed her makes her very existence appear to be a pretense together with all of her life’s worth along with all her hopes and dreams. Sommers is correct in concluding that goals for marriage, family, career, and more logically, equal opportunity for all of the foregoing are the main points that calls for what is deemed as the av erage woman’s feminist ideals as oppose to the scholarly feminism written of extensively. Radical feminism, at the heart of it, attacks societal pressures to conform to gender roles which has been proliferated for ages and has been inculcated in every person from the moment of conception. The idea of an assimilationist society is the very purpose of many feminist movements which has often been likened to Marxism in many regards. Citing the famous feminist Simone de Beauvoir, Sommers

Benefits in Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Benefits in Business - Essay Example As the research stresses there are a number of ways of measuring the public sector information (PSI) and approximating the probable benefits of accessing it. The following formula represents the relationship between the benefit and the cost.From this paper it is clear that after preparing a data sheet for the price transaction received at Land Registry for Lincolnshire, the average for the price   was 175102, the count was 1244 and the sum was 217827032. The data for the month of June 2015 was evenly distributed with the highest data being value of cost being 877,500 pounds while the lowest value being 29,000 pounds. The measure of the spread of data shows that the cost of data distribution varies depending on the quantity of data being distributed on the internet. According to Lincolnshire records, the quantity of data distributed in the month of June 2015 amounts to 11 MB.  The method used in getting the highest five and the lowest five prices is by arranging the data in an asc ending order from the highest value to the lowest value. This makes it easy to identify the first five values and the last five values. These are the values that were used in constructing the table below. Once rearranged in a chronological manner, the post codes will automatically be rearranged in the excel sheet. The South Kesteven town was the only town to have the highest values whiles other towns such as West Lindsey, Lincoln, West Lindsey and East Lindsey experienced lower values.

Traditional Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Traditional Marketing - Essay Example Traditional marketing is in effect focused on markets and products, giving little consideration to customers - what they want and need, how they buy and when. Adrian Payne (1991) notes that "traditional marketing concentrates on product features, has minimal interest in customer service, limited customer contact, and where quality is primarily a concern of production." The marketing mix approach is "too limited to provide a usable framework for assessing and developing customer relationships in many industries and should be replaced by an alternative model in which the focus is on customers and relationships (Gordon, I., 1999)." For these reasons, not a few companies soon found traditional marketing ineffective in selling consumer products. If sales were made at all, the level does not warrant the expense sunk in the traditional marketing tools such as radio, TV and outdoor ads as well as trade shows and direct mail. Gradually, it was acknowledged that traditional marketing is not suitable for selling relatively low-value products to the broad masses of customers. In this case, the sales income is often not commensurate with the advertising and promotional costs. In the search for a marketing system that would broaden the product scope and concentrate on how to retain customers instead of simply attracting customers to products and services, marketing experts came up with the idea o... The earliest users of the term relationship marketing included Len Berry (1983) and Jag Sheth at Emory. Theodoro Levitt (1983) of Harvard subsequently expanded the initial concept to cover activities beyond individual transactions. Customer retention is at the heart of relationship marketing. Unlike the traditional marketing approach, which goes by one-shot individual transactions, relationship marketing seeks to build longer-term relationships with the customers. Thus, it calls for ways to understand the customer's needs as they go through their life cycle and provides a range of products or services as the customers need these at each cycle. In short, keeping the customers forever (Gordon, I., 1999). The idea of seeking to provide the customer's specific needs at each phase of his life led to the development of relationship marketing. Increased profitability is the common objective of both the traditional and relationship marketing strategies but the most glaring difference is that one makes a sale and then moves on to another prospect, while the other stays with one customer longer to attend to all his needs. This is service marketing at work, which means servicing the customer's necessities from childhood to adolescence, from middle age to his senior years. Less Cost, More Benefits The advantage of relationship marketing is that despite the expanded scope and longer attention span provided by the companies to customers, the cost of retaining an existing customer is said to be about 10 per cent less than the cost required in acquiring a new customer. Moreover, the company derived other benefits such as referrals. (Wikipedia)

Police officer Essay Example for Free

Police officer Essay Inspector Goole has an air of mystery around him from the start. Mr. Birling is on the bench and knows all the police officers but has never seen Inspector Goole. The Inspector tells him that he is new Only recently transferred. This makes us wonder, is it a coincidence that he has just started working in Brumley at the same time as this investigation is going on? Or maybe he knew Eva Smith personally and wanted to find out more about what drove her to suicide. We dont really know who he is and there is no evidence that he is a real Inspector so the audience are confused whether to believe him or not. We do not know enough about his character to trust him. He also has a very mysterious nature for example the way he talks to people. He chooses his words carefully and speaks weightily. He does this so that he makes sure that he is saying what he wants to say and means it. Everything he says has a rather matter of fact tome to it making the other characters think that he is always right and knows what he is talking about. Also he has a disconcerting habit of looking at the person that he is talking to. This makes them uneasy. It is like the Inspector is searching them internally and can see what they are thinking. The name of the Inspector Inspector Goole adds to the dramatic tension of the play. The name Goole is a homophone to the word ghoul which is often related to a ghost. A ghost is a disembodied spirit of a dead person i.e. it is not really there. Ghosts and ghouls are thought to be fictional to scare children. Therefore is the Inspector real or not? Is Goole his real name or is he just using the name to scare the Birlings? These questions remain unanswered throughout the play. Inspector Goole has a very awkward yet methodical way of questioning each member of the family. He concentrates on one person at a time and does not let them go until he is satisfied with the information that he has gained. When he is questioning one person he does not like to disturbed. He has a photograph in his pocket which he says is of Eva Smith and he says he found it in her lodgings. He only shows it to one person at a time and makes sure that no one else can see it. When he shows Mr. Birling the photograph Gerald and Eric are eager to see it as well but he blocks their view. When they ask him why they cant see the photograph he replies Its the way I like to go to work. One person and one line of enquiry at a time. Otherwise there is a muddle. This shows the methodical side to his questioning. Throughout his enquiries, the Inspector has remained in control. At times he has massively taken charge. In social status, the Inspector is lower than the Birlings although throughout most of the play the Birlings are inferior to the Inspector as they do not know all the information like he does. What we do not know is how much the inspector already knows before arriving at the house. Whenever he asks a question, he already seems to know the otherwise he would not be questioning them. The information he has gathered before coming to the house is by reading the diary that Eva Smith left. Maybe some pages of the diary were missing, hence the lack of information in the Inspector. There is not really any evidence that what the inspector says is true apart from everyone admitting to what they did to Eva Smith. He doesnt even show the Birlings so called diary. Therefore we arent sure if there even was a diary or if he made it all up. We are force to believe that he is telling the truth because how else would he have got that information? The audience answer to it Anyhow I already knew. He obviously has bits of the puzzle missing do not learn a great about Inspector Goole in the play. All they learn about is his character and personality; he is imposing and intimidating. We do not know any background information on him e.g. where he is from. All this does not matter because even though he is the main character the play is not about him it is about Eva Smith. The audience probably do feel a bit curious about the mysterious Inspector but their curiosity soon subsides as they try to keep up with the fast pace of the play. Before the Inspector goes he says One Eva Smith has gone but there are millions and millions of Eva Smiths left with us. From this, the family learn that they might have led someone to suicide but there are plenty more vulnerable people like Eva Smith left in the world that needs their help.  John Priestley was born on September 13th 1894. He grew up into a family who enjoyed debates. At a very young age he was caught up in debates with his friends. They all discussed politics from a socialist point of view. He expresses these ideas and beliefs in the play. In the play his socialist ideas are expressed through the characters and by exploiting some techniques and devices. Now I am going to write about the social and political climate of the day. Priestley wrote this play An Inspector Calls in 1944, but the play was set in 1912. Priestley took into account the political and social climate of not just 1944 but also when the play was set in 1912. Because of the time in between the two periods Priestley could use historical events and facts for his own use in the play. An example of this is when Birling says, Im talking as a hard headed, practical man of business. And I say there isnt a chance of war. And in the Inspectors final speech when he talks about everyone being responsible for each others actions and the world is a whole and people shouldnt be divided up into classes and social groups. I tell you that the time will come when, if men will not learn that lesson, then they will be taught in fire and blood and anguish. In both these quotes Priestley touches on the subject of war. This would have attracted the audience to what Birling was saying and they would have started to dislike him and his ideas, since the Second World War would have just finished the audience would have been upset about their lost ones and would have been interested in peoples opinions and views leading up to the start of World War One.

Shock And Anaphylactic Shock

Shock And Anaphylactic Shock Shock is a medical emergency in which the organs and tissues of the body are not receiving a sufficient flow of blood. This deprives the organs and tissues of oxygen (which is carried in the blood) and allows the buildup of waste products. Shock can result in serious damage or even death. (Shock, 2008) Shock is usually caused by three major categories of problems: cardiogenic (problems associated with the heart), hypovolemic (total volume of blood available to circulate is low), and septic shock (infection in the blood). Cardiogenic shock can be caused by any disease which prevents the heart muscle from pumping strongly enough to circulate the blood normally. Heart attack, disturbances of the electrical rhythm of the heart, and any kind of mass which interferes with flow out of the heart are all things that affect the hearts ability to pump a normal quantity of blood. Hypovolemic shock happens when the total volume of blood in the body falls well below normal. This can happen when there is excess fluid loss, as in dehydration due to vomiting or diarrhea, diseases which cause excess urination (diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, and kidney failure), extensive burns, blockage in the intestines, inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), or severe bleeding anywhere in or througho ut the body. Septic shock can occur when an untreated or inadequately treated infection is allowed to grow in the body. Bacteria often produce toxins which can cause injury throughout the body. When large quantities of these bacteria, and the toxins, begin circulating in the bloodstream, every organ and tissue in the body is at risk of their damaging effects. The most damaging consequences of these bacteria and toxins include poor functioning of the heart muscles, widening of the diameter of the blood vessels, drops in blood pressure, activation of the blood clotting system that causes blood clots, followed by uncontrollable bleeding, damage to the lungs, causing acute respiratory distress syndrome, liver failure, kidney failure, and coma. (Weil, 2007) Treatment of shock includes keeping the patient warm, with legs raised and head down (to improve blood flow to the brain), putting a needle in a vein in order to give fluids or blood transfusions, giving the patient extra oxygen to breathe, medications to improve the hearts functioning, and treating the underlying condition which led to shock. The most preventable type of shock is caused by dehydration during an illnesses with severe vomiting or diarrhea. Shock can be avoided by realizing that a patient who is unable to drink needs to be given fluids intravenously. Other types of shock are only preventable by preventing the underlying conditions, or monitor and manage those conditions well enough so that they never progress to the point of shock. An anaphylactic shock is a rapidly progressing, life-threatening allergic reaction. This allergic reaction can start within seconds of exposure, and rapidly develop to cause airway constriction, skin and intestinal irritation, and abnormal heart rhythms. An anaphylactic shock is caused by the release of histamine and other chemicals from mast cells. Mast cells are a type of white blood cell and they are found in tissues that regulate exchange with our environment. Mast cells have antibodies called IgE (immunoglobulin type E). IgE are made to detect environmental substances to which the immune system is sensitive. A substance that most people can tolerate, but others have an allergic response, is called an allergen. When IgE antibodies come together with allergens, they cause the mast cells to release histamine and other chemicals, which mix into all of the bodys cells. This causes your bodys vessels to leak fluid into surrounding tissues, causing the fluid accumulation, redness, and swelling. On smooth muscle cells of the airways and digestive system, they cause constriction. On nerve endings, they cause itching. (Molle, Durham, Kronenberger, West-Stack, 2004) In an anaphylactic shock, the life threatening response is due to extreme hypersensivity to the allergen. Exposure by ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact causes anaphylaxis. Specific causes are fish, shellfish, nuts, stings of bees, wasps, or hornets, vaccines, antibiotics, insulin, hormones, aspirin and latex. Symptoms of an anaphylactic shock are hives, swelling of the tongue or mouth swelling of sinuses, difficulty breathing, wheezing, cramping, vomiting, diarrhea, anxiety, confusion, high BP, or loss of consciousness. Emergency treatment of anaphylaxis involves injection of epinephrine which helps constricts blood vessels and counteracts the effects of histamine. Oxygen can be given. Antihistamines can be used for skin rash, and amino-phylline for bronchial constriction. If the airway is obstructed, placement of a breathing tube would be needed as well. (Molle, Durham, Kronenberger, West-Stack, 2004) The prognosis of an anaphylactic shock depends on how quickly emergency medical attention is given. However, death is possible from severe anaphylaxis. For those who receive rapid treatment, speedy recovery is likely. The only reliable method of preventing an anaphylactic shock is complete avoidance of the allergen. For insect allergies, it is recommended to learn nesting sites and habits. To prevent food allergies, have knowledge of prepared foods or dishes in which the allergen is likely to be present and careful observations and questioning about ingredients when dining out. Also, use of a Medi-Al ert tag listing drug allergies is vital to prevent unintentional administration of drugs during a medical emergency. People prone to anaphylaxis should carry an Epi-pen that contains adrenaline for immediate injection. In conclusion, both shock and anaphylactic shock are extreme medical emergencies that should be handled with effectiveness and precision. It is crucial for the medical professional to be educated on the steps needed to respond to this emergency. Additionally patients should be educated on steps to prevent these shocks, and how to properly contact medical personnel.

Malaysia As A Fully Developed Country Politics Essay

Malaysia As A Fully Developed Country Politics Essay The purpose of this paper is to present before you some thoughts on the future course of our nation and how we should go about to attain our objective of developing Malaysia into an industrialised country. Also outlined are some measures that should be in place in the shorter term so that the foundations can be laid for the long journey towards that ultimate objective.   Hopefully the Malaysian who is born today and in the years to come will be the last generation of our citizens who will be living in a country that is called developing. The ultimate objective that we should aim for is a Malaysia that is a fully developed country by the year 2020. What, you might rightly ask, is a fully developed country ? Do we want to be like any particular country of the present 19 countries that are generally regarded as developed countries ? Do we want to be like the United Kingdom, like Canada, like Holland, like Sweden, like Finland, like Japan ? To be sure, each of the 19, out of a world community of more than 160 states, has its strengths. But each also has its fair share of weaknesses. Without being a duplicate of any of them we can still be developed. We should be a developed country in our own mould. Malaysia should not be developed only in the economic sense. It must be a nation that is fully developed along all the dimensions: economically, politically, socially, spiritually, psychologically and culturally. We must be fully developed in terms of national unity and social cohesion, in terms of our economy, in terms of social justice, political stability, system of government, quality of life, social and spiritual values, national pride and confidence. Malaysia As A Fully Developed Country One Definition By the year 2020, Malaysia can be a united nation, with a confident Malaysian society, infused by strong moral and ethical values, living in a society that is democratic, liberal and tolerant, caring, economically just and equitable, progressive and prosperous, and in full possession of an economy that is competitive, dynamic, robust and resilient. There can be no fully developed Malaysia until we have finally overcome the nine central strategic challenges that have confronted us from the moment of our birth as an independent nation. The first of these is the challenges of establishing a united Malaysian nation with a sense of common and shared destiny. This must be a nation at peace with itself, territorially and ethnically integrated, living in harmony and full and fair partnership, made up of one Bangsa Malaysia with political loyalty and dedication to the nation. The second is the challenge of creating a psychologically liberated, secure, and developed Malaysian Society with faith and confidence in itself, justifiably proud of what it is, of what it has accomplished, robust enough to face all manner of adversity. This Malaysian Society must be distinguished by the pursuit of excellence, fully aware of all its potentials, psychologically subservient to none, and respected by the peoples of other nations. The third challenge we have always faced is that of fostering and developing a mature democratic society, practising a form of mature consensual, community-oriented Malaysian democracy that can be a model for many developing countries. The fourth is the challenge of establishing a fully moral and ethical society, whose citizens are strong in religious and spiritual values and imbued with the highest of ethical standards.   The fifth challenge that we have always faced is the challenge of establishing a matured, liberal and tolerant society in which Malaysians of all colours and creeds are free to practise and profess their customs,cultures and religious beliefs and yet feeling that they belong to one nation.   The sixth is the challenge of establishing a scientific and progressive society, a society that is innovative and forward-looking, one that is not only a consumer of technology but also a contributor to the scientific and technological civilisation of the future.   The seventh challenge is the challenge of establishing a fully caring society and a caring culture, a social system in which society will come before self, in which the welfare of the people will revolve not around the state or the individual but around a strong and resilient family system.   The eighth is the challenge of ensuring an economically just society. This is a society in which there is a fair and equitable distribution of the wealth of the nation, in which there is full partnership in economic progress. Such a society cannot be in place so long as there is the identification of race with economic function, and the identification of economic backwardness with race.   The ninth challenge is the challenge of establishing a prosperous society, with an economy that is fully competitive, dynamic, robust and resilient. We have already come a long way towards the fulfilment of these objectives. The nine central objectives listed need not be our order of priorities over the next three decades. Most obviously, the priorities of any moment in time must meet the specific circumstances of that moment in time.   But it would be surprising if the first strategic challenge which I have mentioned the establishment of a united Malaysian nation is not likely to be the most fundamental, the most basic.   Since much of what I will say this morning will concentrate on economic development, let me stress yet again that the comprehensive development towards the developed society that we want -however each of us may wish to define it -cannot mean material and economic advancement only. Far from it. Economic development must not become the be-all and the end-all of our national endeavours. Since this Council must concentrate on the issues of economic development and economic social justice, which for this nation must go hand in hand for the foreseeable future, let me expand on the perception of the central strategic challenges with regard to these two vital objectives.   At this point it is well to define in greater detail the objective of establishing an economically just society.   Of the two prongs of the NEP no one is against the eradication of absolute poverty -regardless of race, and irrespective of geographical location. All Malaysians, whether they live in the rural or the urban areas, whether they are in the south, north, east or west, must be moved above the line of absolute poverty.   This nation must be able to provide enough food on the table so that not a solitary Malaysian is subjected to the travesty of gross under-nourishment. We must provide enough by way of essential shelter, access to health facilities, and all the basic essentials. A developed Malaysia must have a wide and vigorous middle class and must provide full opportunities for those in the bottom third to climb their way out of the pit of relative poverty.   The second prong, that of removing the identification of race with major economic function is also acceptable except that somehow it is thought possible to achieve this without any shuffling of position. If we want to build an equitable society than we must accept some affirmative action. This will mean that in all the major and important sectors of employment, there should be a good mix of the ethnic groups that make up the Malaysian nation. By legitimate means we must ensure a fair balance with regard to the professions and all the major categories of employment. Certainly we must be as interested in quality and merit. But we must ensure the healthy development of a viable and robust Bumiputera commercial and industrial community.   A developed Malaysia should not have a society in which economic backwardness is identified with race. This does not imply individual income equality, a situation in which all Malaysians will have the same income. This is an impossibility because by sheer dint of our own individual effort, our own individual upbringing and our individual preferences, we will all have different economic worth, and will be financially rewarded differently. An equality of individual income as propounded by socialists and communists is not only not possible, it is not desirable and is a formula for disaster.   But I do believe that the narrowing of the ethnic income gap, through the legitimate provision of opportunities, through a closer parity of social services and infrastructure, through the development of the appropriate economic cultures and through full human resource development, is both necessary and desirable. We must aspire by the year 2020 to reach a stage where no-one can say that a particular ethnic group is inherently economically backward and another is economically inherently advanced. Such a situation is what we must work for efficiently, effectively, with fairness and with dedication.   A full partnership in economic progress cannot mean full partnership in poverty. It must mean a fair balance with regard to the participation and contribution of all our ethnic groups including the Bumiputeras of Sabah and Sarawak in the high-growth, modern sectors of our economy. It must mean a fair distribution with regard to the control , management and ownership of the modern economy.   In order to achieve this economically just society, we must escalate dramatically our programmes for national human resource development. There is a need to ensure the creation of an economically resilient and fully competitive Bumiputera community so as to be at par with the NonBumiputera community. There is need for a mental revolution and a cultural transformation. Much of the work of pulling ourselves up by our boot-straps must be done ourselves. In working for the correction of the economic imbalances, there has to be the fullest emphasis on making the needed advances at speed and with the most productive results at the lowest possible economic and societal cost.   With regard to the establishment of a prosperous society, we can set many aspirational goals. I believe that we should set the realistic (as opposed to aspirational) target of almost doubling our real gross domestic product every t en years between 1990 and 2020 AD. If we do this, our GDP should be about eight times larger by the year 2020 than it was in 1990. Our GDP in 1990 was 115 billion Ringgit. Our GDP in 2020 should therefore be about 920 billion Ringgit in real (1990 Ringgit) terms.   This rapid growth will require that we grow by an average of about 7 per cent (in real terms) annually over the next 30 years. Admittedly this is on optimistic projection but we should set our sights high if we are to motivate ourselves into striving hard. We must guard against growth fixation, the danger of pushing for growth figures oblivious to the needed commitment to ensure stability, to keep inflation low, to guarantee sustainability, to develop our quality of life and standard of living, and the achievement of our other social objectives. It will be a difficult task, with many peaks and low points. But I believe that this can be done. In the 1960s, we grew by an annual average of 5.1 per cent; in the 1970s, the first decade of the NEP, Malaysia grew by an average of 7.8 per cent; in the 1980s, because of the recession years, we grew by an annual average of 5.9 per cent. If we take the last thirty years, our GDP rose annually in real terms by an average of 6.3 per cent. If we take the last twenty years, we grew by an annual average of 6.9 per cent. What is needed is an additional 0.1 per cent growth. Surely if we all pull together God willing this 0.1% can be achieved.   If we do succeed, and assuming roughly a 2.5 per cent annual rate of population growth, by the year 2020, Malaysians will be four times richer (in real terms) than they were in 1990. That is the measure of the prosperous society we wish and hopefully we can achieve.   The second leg of our economic objective should be to secure the establishment of a competitive economy. Such an economy must be able to sustain itself over the longer term, must be dynamic, robust and resilient. It must mean, among other things: A diversified and balanced economy with a mature and widely based industrial sector, a modern and mature agriculture sector and an efficient and productive and an equally mature services sector; an economy that is quick on its feet, able to quickly adapt to changing patterns of supply, demand and competition; an economy that is technologically proficient, fully able to adapt, innovate and invent, that is increasingly technology intensive, moving in the direction of higher and higher levels of technology; an economy that has strong and cohesive industrial linkages throughout the system; an economy driven by brain-power, skills and diligence in possession of a wealth of information, with the knowledge of what to do and how to do it; an economy with high and escalating productivity with regard to every factor of production; an entrepreneurial economy that is self reliant, outward looking and enterprising; an economy sustained by an exemplary work ethic, quality consciousness and the quest for excellence; an economy characterised by low inflation and a low cost of living; an economy that is subjected to the full discipline and rigour of market forces.   Most of us in this present Council will not be there on the morning of January 1, 2020 Not many, I think. The great bulk of the work that must be done to ensure a fully developed country called Malaysia a generation from now will obviously be done by the leaders who follow us, by our children and grand-children. But we should make sure that we have done our duty in guiding them with regard to what we should work to become. And let us lay the secure foundations that they must build upon. Some Key Public Sector Economic Policies Some Key Public Sector Economic Policies For The Forseeable Future Since the early 1980s, we have stressed that this country will rely on the private sector as the primary engine of economic growth. In a way we were ahead of the rest of the world, even the developed countries in entrusting economic growth to the private sector.   In the early years, our fledgling private sector could not fully respond to the challenge that was issued. Then came the unpredictable and difficult recession and slowdown years. However in the last three years the private sector has bloomed and responded. The policy is now bearing fruit. The outcome: in 1988, we grew in real terms by 8.9 per cent; in 1989, by 8.8 per cent; in 1990, by 9.4 per cent without expansionary budgetting by the Government. Even the tiger economies of North East Asia have not done so well.   No nation can afford to abandon a winning formula. And this nation will not. For the forseeable future, Malaysia will continue to drive the private sector, to rely on it as the primary engine of growth.   In the meantime the Government will continue to downsize of its role in the field of economic production and business. The State cannot of course retreat totally from the economic life of Malaysia. It will not abdicate its responsibility for overseeing and providing the legal and regulatory framework for rapid economic and social development.   The Government will be pro active to ensure healthy fiscal and monetary management and the smooth functioning of the Malaysian economy. It will escalate the development of the necessary physical infrastructure and the most conducive business environment consistent with its other social priorities. And where absolutely neccessary the Government will not be so completly bound by its commitment to withdrawal from the economic role, that it will not intervene. It will play its role judiciously and actively. The process of de-regulation will continue. There can be no doubt that regulations are an essential part of the governance of society, of which the economy is a part. A state without laws and regulations is a state flirting with anarchy. Without order, there can be little business and no development. What is not required is over regulation although it may not be easy to decide when the Government is over regulating. Wisdom lies of course in the ability to distinguish between those laws and regulations which are productive of our societal objectives and those that are not; and it lies in making the right judgements with regard to the trade offs. Thus Governments will be neither foolish nor irresponsible, and will cater to the needs of the wider society as well as the requirements of rapid growth and a competitive, robust and resilient economy. It will be guided by the knowledge that the freeing of enterprise too not only laws and regulations, and state intervention can contribute to the achievement of the wider social objectives. In this light and given the fact that there are clear areas of unproductive regulation which need to be phased out, you can expect the process of productive de- regulation to continue. The recent move of Bank Negara to de-regulate the BLR regime is an example in point. Privatisation will continue to be an important cornerstone of our national development and national efficiency strategy. This policy is not founded on ideological belief. It is aimed specifically at enhancing competitiveness, efficiency and productivity in the economy, at reducing the administrative and financial burdens on the Government and at expediting the attainment of national distributional goals. In implementing our privatisation policy, the Government is fully aware of the need to protect public interest, to ensure that the poor are provided access to essential services, to guarantee that quality services are provided at minimum cost, to avoid unproductive monopolistic practices and to ensure the welfare of workers. There will be problems. No endeavour comes without a price tag. But it is clear enough that this policy has thus far generated positive results and we can expect its implementation to be accelerated in the future. With the completion of the Privatisation Master Plan Study, I believe that many of the bottlenecks and rigidities that obstruct the progress of the needed privatisation will be removed, thus accelerating its smooth implementation. There will be in the years ahead an Accelerated Industrialisation Drive, a drive that is not based on a fascination with industry but on the simple truth that if we want to develop rapidly -in a situation where the developed economies will be moving out of industrialisation into a post industrial stage this is the way to go. If we are to industrialise rapidly, we will need to capitalise on our national strengths and forcefully tackle our weaknesses. In pursuit of this policy, the Government will need to deal with the problem of a narrow manufacturing base. In 1988, 63 per cent of total Malaysian manufactured exports came from the electrical and electronic and textile industries. Electronics alone accounted for 50 per cent of total manufactured exports. We must diversify. Despite the most rapid development in the free trade zones insignificant demand has been generated for local intermediate products. We will have to deal with the problem of weak industrial linkages. There is inadequate development of indigenous technology. There is too little value- added, too much simple assembly and production. There is also a need to counter rising production costs brought about by rising costs of labour, raw materials and overheads by improving efficiency and productivity. There is a serious shortage of skilled manpower. All these and many more issues will need to be addressed. Small and medium scale industries have an important role to play in generating employment opportunities, in strengthening industrial linkages, in penetrating markets and generating export earnings. They have a crucial role as a spawning ground for the birth of tomorrows entrepreneurs. The Government will devise appropriate assistance schemes and will seek to raise the level of management expertise, technological know-how and skills of the employees in this very important and in many ways neglected sector of our economy. The SMIs will be one of the primary foundations for our future industrial thrust. The Government is fully committed to its healthiest development. Just as we must diversify the products we export so must we diversify the markets we export to. Malaysian exporters must look also at the non traditional markets. It will require new knowledge, new networks, new contacts and new approaches towards dealing with unfamiliar laws, rules and regulation. It will be uncomfortable but it would be a mistake to consider that it is not worth the discomfort to deal with these markets. Alone they may be small but cumulatively the market of the developing Asian, African and Latin America countries are big. If the developed countries find it worth while to export to these markets then it must be worth while for us also. The Government will help but the private sector must play their part. Reliance on export- led growth is still the way to rapid growth. Entry into the world market pits our companies against all comers and subjects them to the full force of international competition. This is a challange we must accept not simply because the domestic market is too small but because in the long run it will actually enrich our domestic market and reduce our dependence on export. We must persist with export-led growth despite the global slowdown, despite the rise of protectionism, trade blocs and managed trade. When the going is tougher, we must not turn inward. We simply have no choice but to be more lean, more resourceful, more productive and generally more competitive, more able to take on the world. 56. The liberalisation of the Malaysian economy has had beneficial result and contributed towards a more dynamic growth. Obviously, liberalisation must be undertaken responsibly and in stages so as not to create economic uncertainty and impose excessive structural adjustment costs. We should take into the fullest consideration Malaysias capacity to undertake liberalisation. We should not dismiss the infant industry argument, but we should not bow to illegitimate pressure. At the same time, productive liberalisation ensures that our private sector will be less reliant on artificial profits and on protection, which benefits some producers at the expense of consumers and other producers. Infants must grow up. They must grow up to be sturdy and strong. And this cannot be done if they are over-protected. For reasons that are obvious, the Government will continue to foster the inflow of foreign investment. This is essential for Malaysias Accelerated Industrialisation Drive. Again, we will not abandon a winning strategy. But we will fine-tune it to ensure that measures are in place to ensure that Malaysia maximises the net benefit from the inflow of foreign investment. In the past, the domestic private sector has largely failed to meet the targets set in successive Malaysia Plans. Apparently domestic investors feel that the Government has not devoted enough effort to the fostering of domestic investment as we have devoted to those from overseas. This is not completely true but we will redress the situation as we get better feed back. Small and medium scale enterprises must be assisted to grow bigger. Surplus savings and domestic capital must be more productively channeled into investments. Entrepreneurs must be spawned. Where necessary, technological and training help must be extended; and infrastructural support must be given. It is worthwhile to stress again that the development that we need cannot take place without the infrastructural underpinning. We must keep one step ahead of demand and need. In the recent Budget, we clearly stated what we will do in the shorter term. The Sixth Malaysia Plan will make clear what we will do in the medium term while the second outline perspective Plan will indicate the direction over the long term. The Government is fully aware of the infrastructure bottlenecks and of the need for massive investments in the years to come. We will not let growth to be retarded by excessive congestion and investment indigestion, as has happened in many countries. In our drive to move vigorously ahead nothing is more important then the development of human resources. From the experience in the last two decades of all the economic miracles of the countries that have been poor in terms of natural resources, it is blindingly clear that the most important resource of any nation must be the talents, skills, creativity and will of its people. What we have between our ears, at our elbow and in our heart is much more important than what we have below our feet and around us. Our people is our ultimate resource. Without a doubt, in the 1990s and beyond, Malaysia must give the fullest emphasis possible to the development of this ultimate resource. Malaysia has one of the best educational systems in the Third World. But for the journey that we must make over our second generation, new standards have to be set and new results achieved. We cannot but aspire to the highest standards with regard to the skills of our people, to their devotion to knowhow and knowledge upgrading and self-improvement, to their language competence, to their work attitudes and discipline, to their managerial abilities, to their achievement motivation, their attitude towards excellence and to the fostering of the entrepreneurial spirit. We cannot afford to neglect the importance of entrepreneurship and entrepreneural development, which goes, of course beyond training and education. We must ensure the correct mix with regard to professionals, sub-professionals, craftsmen and artisans, and the correct balance with regard to those with competence in science and technology, the a rts and social sciences. In the development of human resources we cannot afford to neglect half the population i.e. the Bumiputeras. If they are not brought into the mainstream, if their potentials are not fully developed, if they are allowed to be a milestone around the national neck, then our progress is going to be retarded by that much. No nation can achieve full progress with only half its human resources harnessed. What may be considered a burden now can, with the correct attitude and management be the force that lightens our burden and hasten our progress. The Bumiputeras must play their part fully in the achievement of the national goal. Inflation is the bane of all economic planners. Fortunately except during the first oil shock when inflation went up to 17%, Malaysia has managed to keep inflation low. We must continue to keep it low. The Government, the business sector, and the people must be committed to keeping it low. The only real way to combat inflation is to live within ones means. If we cannot afford we just dont buy. In Malaysia this is possible for we can produce practically all we need in terms of food, shelter and clothing. When recently we had a recession, life was bearable because we were able to buy our needs at roughly the same price i.e. we had practically no inflation. Now that we have more money, demand pull is slowly forcing prices up. So although we may be more prosperous now, although we may be financially wealthier now, but in terms of purchasing power we are not as well-off as we should be. The public must understand what causes inflation and must be disciplined enough to combat it . In some countries when inflation rates go up to thousands of per cent per year, Governments have been changed again and again without inflation being contained. The reason is that the people are not disciplined and prepared to restrain themselves. No Government can put a stop to inflation unless the people are prepared to accept the discomfort of austerity. In the fight against inflation nothing is more effective than education and discipline among the people. In an interdependent trading world, the exchange rate plays a vital role. Too cheap a currency will increase import bills and debt payment but it will make exports competitive. But the full benefit of a low exchange rate on export can be negated by the cost of imported material which go into the exported products. A high currency value will enrich our people, particularly in terms of buying imported luxuries but our exports will not be competitive and the economy will eventually be adversely affected. Clearly the management of the exchange rate is of extreme importance to the progress of our nation. There is only a limited ability to manipulate. In the final analysis it is how we balance our trade that will determine how our currency is valued. Malaysia must learn to be competitive through higher productivity rather than through manipulating exchange rates. Again the people must understand their role, particularly with regard to productivity. In a world of high technology Malaysia cannot afford to lag behind. We cannot be in the front line of modern technology but we must always try to catch up at least in those fields where we may have certain advantages. We have already adopted a National Plan of Action for Industrial Technology Development. This is the easy part. We must now proceed expeditiously to the enormously difficult task of implementation. The Government will certainly provide the necessary commitment and leadership to this national endeavour. The institutional and support infrastructure will be put in place to ensure rapid, realistic, focussed and market driven development of our technological capabilities. But let us never forget that technology is not for the laboratory but the factory floor and the market. The private sector and our people must respond. Far too often the results of research are ignoured in favour of the tried and tested moneyspinners. It has been said that the secret of Japans success is its skill in applying research results to marketable products. If we dont do this we are going to be left behind whatever may be the level of our technology. While increasing our industrial manufacturing sector, Malaysia must make sure that our agriculture and services sector will not be neglected. We must advance. We must strive for efficiency, modernity and competitiveness. These should be the key guiding principles of our national policy towards agriculture, tourism and the fullest development of the entire services sector. Nor can we afford to neglect the rural sector of our economy and society. In the years ahead, we must work for a second rural development transformation, restructuring the villages so as to be compatible with both agriculture and modern industry. Less and less farmers should produce more and more food, thus releasing manpower for an industrial society. While doing all these we must also ensure that our valuable natural resources are not wasted. Our land must remain productive and fertile, our atmosphere clear and clean, our water unpolluted, our forest resources capable of regeneration, able to yield the needs of our national development. The beauty of our land must not be desecrated for it s own sake and for our economic advancement. In the information age that we are living in the Malaysian society must be information rich. It can be no accident that there is today no wealthy, developed country that is information -poor and no information-rich country that is poor and undeveloped. There was a time when land was the most fundamental basis of prosperity and wealth. Then came the second wave, the age of industrialisation. Smokestacks rose where the fields were once cultivated. Now, increasingly, knowledge will not o

Rain Main Essay -- Film Movies

Rain Main Rain Man, a film about an exceptional person, portrays the life of Raymond Babbot and his struggle to be understood and loved by his brother Charlie Babbot. This academy award-winning drama stars two incredibly talented actors - Tom Cruise (Charlie) and Dustin Hoffman (Raymond). These two brothers, separated at a young age by Raymond’s exceptional condition, find themselves later in life brought together by their father’s death. The movie grabs the heart of it’s audience in an attempt to bring together the life of the â€Å"exceptional† person with that of the â€Å"normal† mainstream life. The Rain Man drama begins with a young man (Charlie) sorting through his acceptance with his father’s death, or shall I say basically waiting to find out exactly what his inheritance may be. The Babbot family never really had a history of â€Å"togetherness† as Charlie and Raymond’s mother lost her life at their young age and while Charlie was three Raymond was sent off to WallBrook, a facility meeting the needs of exceptional people. As the inheritance is read to Charlie, he finds himself left with only a Buick convertible and a rose bush, while the rest of his father’s $3.5 million estate was left to a trustee (a director at the WallBrook facilities). Distraught with the idea that someone else has the money that Charlie needs, he heads off to meet with the trustee at WallBrook. Once there, Charlie Babbot finds himself not helped at all and upon leaving meets the genius...

intro to networking and the tcp/ip stack :: essays research papers

SLIP is a TCP/IP protocol used for communication between two machines that are previously configured for communication with each other. For example, your Internet server provider may provide you with a SLIP connection so that the provider's server can respond to your requests, pass them on to the Internet, and forward your requested Internet responses back to you. A better service is provided by the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP). Point-to-Point Protocol is a protocol for communication between two computers using a serial interface, typically a personal computer connected by phone line to a server. For example, your Internet server provider may provide you with a PPP connection so that the provider's server can respond to your requests, pass them on to the Internet, and forward your requested Internet responses back to you. PPP uses the Internet protocol and is designed to handle others. It is sometimes considered a member of the TCP/IP suite of protocols. Relative to the OSI referen ce model, PPP provides layer 2 (data-link layer) service. Essentially, it packages your computer's TCP/IP packets and forwards them to the server where they can actually be put on the Internet. PPP is a full-duplex protocol that can be used on various physical media, including twisted pair or fiber optic lines or satellite transmission. PPP is usually preferred over the earlier standard SLIP because it can handle synchronous as well as asynchronous communication. PPP can share a line with other users and it has error detection that SLIP lacks. Where a choice is possible, PPP is preferred. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the set of rules for transferring files (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the Web. As soon as a Web user opens their Web browser, the user is indirectly making use of HTTP. HTTP is an application protocol that runs on top of the TCP/IP suite of protocols. HTTP concepts include the idea that files can contain references to other files whose selection will elicit additional transfer requests. Your Web browser is an HTTP client, sending requests to server machines. When the browser user enters file requests by either "opening" a Web site or clicking on a link, the browser builds an HTTP request and sends it to the Internet Protocol address indicated by the URL. File Transfer Protocol (FTP), a standard Internet protocol, is the simplest way to exchange files between computers on the Internet. intro to networking and the tcp/ip stack :: essays research papers SLIP is a TCP/IP protocol used for communication between two machines that are previously configured for communication with each other. For example, your Internet server provider may provide you with a SLIP connection so that the provider's server can respond to your requests, pass them on to the Internet, and forward your requested Internet responses back to you. A better service is provided by the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP). Point-to-Point Protocol is a protocol for communication between two computers using a serial interface, typically a personal computer connected by phone line to a server. For example, your Internet server provider may provide you with a PPP connection so that the provider's server can respond to your requests, pass them on to the Internet, and forward your requested Internet responses back to you. PPP uses the Internet protocol and is designed to handle others. It is sometimes considered a member of the TCP/IP suite of protocols. Relative to the OSI referen ce model, PPP provides layer 2 (data-link layer) service. Essentially, it packages your computer's TCP/IP packets and forwards them to the server where they can actually be put on the Internet. PPP is a full-duplex protocol that can be used on various physical media, including twisted pair or fiber optic lines or satellite transmission. PPP is usually preferred over the earlier standard SLIP because it can handle synchronous as well as asynchronous communication. PPP can share a line with other users and it has error detection that SLIP lacks. Where a choice is possible, PPP is preferred. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the set of rules for transferring files (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the Web. As soon as a Web user opens their Web browser, the user is indirectly making use of HTTP. HTTP is an application protocol that runs on top of the TCP/IP suite of protocols. HTTP concepts include the idea that files can contain references to other files whose selection will elicit additional transfer requests. Your Web browser is an HTTP client, sending requests to server machines. When the browser user enters file requests by either "opening" a Web site or clicking on a link, the browser builds an HTTP request and sends it to the Internet Protocol address indicated by the URL. File Transfer Protocol (FTP), a standard Internet protocol, is the simplest way to exchange files between computers on the Internet.

Benefits of good team dynamics Essay

The Benefits of good team dynamics can be seen in sports as well as the work place. When the team works as one, amazing things can happen. Goal setting is a technique that is used by athletes, business people and top achievers in all aspects of life. Psychological research shows that those who set personal goals achieve more, demonstrate improved performance, have less stress and possess positive attitudes. In the business environment there must be a blending of the goals of each individual and those of the organization. People have a desire to be successful and so do organizations. The goals determine the results. When we define our personal goals we are setting a personal standard that will improve the overall effectiveness of the team. Organizations need to help their people define their personal goals. They can then help them interpret the relationship between these personal goals and the organization’s goals. â€Å"As important as individual growth is, no one person can be responsible for total success in the business world. Personal involvement begins with team dynamics.† (Making Success a Shared Res ponsibility, Security Management; Mar94) Another benefit of good team dynamics is the ability to identify the team or individuals capabilities or weaknesses. Highlighting weaknesses will push the team to take the necessary steps to improve. While identifying what capabilities each member of the team has, will enable the team to focus on a strong direction for attacking the problem or task. Effective teams accept team responsibility and do not â€Å"blame† one another for team mistakes, nor do they spend useless time in personal justifications. Team members will look upon first-time mistakes as opportunities for learning, rather than criticism and punishment. An improved team relationship is another benefit. When you have good dynamics the relationships inside your team greatly improve. Everyone love to be on a teams that works well together. You feel that you are striving for the same goals. People will work harder if the dynamics of there team is a positive one. Good teams honour the contribution each makes to the total work of the team. Effective team communication will greatly increase with good team dynamics. Willingness to talk and share information and effectively presenting your point of view. Effective teams communicate easily and openly. Feedback on â€Å"performance† is two-way and constant, providing information to all members of the team on how their work supports the overall effort of the team. Effective teams operate in an environment in which two way trust and honest communication exist. Enhanced critical thinking skills is another benefit of good team dynamics. What is critical thinking anyway? â€Å"Critical thinking is the use of those cognitive skills or strategies that increase the probability of a desirable outcome. It is used to describe thinking that is purposeful, reasoned and goal directed – the kind of thinking involved in solving problems, formulating inferences, calculating likelihoods, and making decisions when the thinker is using skills that are thoughtful and effective for the particular context and type of thinking task. Critical thinking also involves evaluating the thinking process – the reasoning that went into the conclusion we’ve arrived at the kinds of factors considered in making a decision. Critical thinking is sometimes called directed thinking because it focuses on a desired outcome.† (Thought and Knowledge: An Introduction to Critical Thinking. 1996.) With good team dynamics come improved critical thinking skills. Zaleski, John E. (1994) Making Success a Shared Responsibility, Security Management; Mar94, Vol. 38 Issue 3, p22: Retrieved from EBSCOhost search engine. Halpern, Diane F. Thought and Knowledge: An Introduction to Critical Thinking. 1996.

Concept Application Project Essay

Throughout the semester I have explored many topics in sociology. While exploring these topics, three main theoretical perspectives were used. I will briefly illustrate each of the main theoretical perspectives of functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic Interactionism. During this semester I have watched two films, Food Incorporated and The Vernon Johns Story. I will describe how a theoretical perspective is used in each of these examples. Then I will provide my own two examples where concepts and theoretical perspectives can be illustrated. My First example is the Boston Marathon Bombings and the second is the Mass Media’s coverage of the Boston Bombings. The Functionalist Perspective is a sociological perspective that emphasizes each part of society contributing to the survival of that society. In Sociology in Modules, they define the functionalists perspective as, â€Å"A sociological approach that emphasizes the way in which the parts of a society are structured to maintain its stability (Schaefer 15). † The functionalist perspective can be compared to the human body model. Each part of the body performs specific tasks. For example, our legs allow us to walk or run and our lungs allow us to breathe. Without each and every body part, one simply cannot perform to the maximum potential. Now when a functionalist is looking at a society, they may see different social groups that contribute to a larger population. The Conflict Perspective is a sociological perspective that views the world as a constant struggle. In our textbook, Sociology in Modules, they define the conflict perspective as, â€Å"A sociological approach that assumes that social behavior is best understood in terms of tension between groups over power or the allocation of resources, including housing, money, access to services, and political representation (Schaefer 15). † There are many areas where conflict can arise in today’s society. Religious groups, political parties, and different social classes, may all have conflicting views with other or opposite groups. Examples of the conflict perspective include means of production versus labor and the concentration of wealth. In recent history, the conflict perspective is becoming more popular. With, â€Å"The widespread social unrest resulting from battles over civil rights, bitter divisions over the war in Vietnam, the rise of the feminist and gay liberation movements, the Watergate political scandal, urban riots, and confrontations at abortion clinics have offered support for the conflict approach (Schaefer 16). † Groups in society with different viewpoints often pose a great threat to conflicting parties. The Interactionist Perspective is the third main sociological perspective where the traditional way of thinking comes from typical human interaction between groups. Sociology in Modules defines the interactionist perspective as, â€Å"generalizations about everyday forms of social interaction in order to explain society as a whole (Schaefer 17). † The interactionist perspective is also know as symbolic interactionism. I believe it is much easier to look at it from a symbolic interactionism perspective because symbols are easier to understand. From a symbolic interactionist perspective, one may see the world we live in as full of objects. These objects can come on the form of people, places, things, thoughts, feelings, or symbols. Symbolic interactionism looks at these symbols to characterize groups by their symbol. Each symbol may be different. For example, a symbol could be the type of color of car you drive, what you wear to work or school everyday, or even tattoos. Groups in society are often characterized by their symbols. These symbols allow people with similar symbols to communicate with ease. Food Incorporated is a documentary film that portrays the corporate farming industry in the United States as unhealthy, harmful, abusive, and inhumane. Food Inc. the movie really gave me something to think about, it only reinforced my beliefs to eat healthy and support organic and free-range grass fed meats. The most meaningful thing to me was when one of the contributors said the corporate farming industry only wants to grow their products â€Å"bigger, fatter, cheaper, faster†. This agribusiness in only in it for the sake of business and they don’t see the other side. On the other side there are these products that are being mass-produced in factory farms. This seemingly only affects the lower class Americans who can only afford the cheapest of food products at the super market. From a financial standpoint, it only makes sense that people are forced to consume such low quality products at their demise. As the conflict theory would describe it, this is a constant struggle between the producer and the consumer. The producers are producing animal products in close quarter factory farms and feeding them corn, which is not a naturally occurring meal. Specifically cattle and chickens are given hormone shots to make them grown bigger, fatter, and faster. These farms do not treat the animals well at all. The animals live in horrible conditions, often times in their own manure. This causes disease to reach to food that eventually people eat. There are cases that come up all the time where products need to be pulled from the shelves in stores because of contaminated foods. The Vernon John’s story is a true story turned into a movie that portrays a Minister, Vernon John, who leads the African Americans in the fight for civil rights. This film demonstrated the development of social change in the south. First, the blacks do not measure up to the whites in social class. They often held position in social that were not important of looked down upon. For example, the position that Vernon John holds is viewed as a conflict by white law enforcement officials. During the early 1900s, Black Americans were being segregated from society. Secondly, During this time, African Americans were not recognized by society as having any value other than slavery. Race and ethnicity played a large role in society during this time. African American Racial groups formed and they were discriminated against. Vernon John is a leader of social change. He stepped up and faced the danger in speaking his views. The movie illustrates two great examples of hate crime in the 1920s. The first is when Vernon John was driving in his car late at night to bring a girl who had been raped to the hospital. The white policemen pulled Vernon John over and just antagonized him for no reason. Another example is when part of Vernon John’s church was set on fire. This was obviously planned by the white Americans out of hatred for Vernon Johns following and community. The blacks were heavily being discriminated against. Third, the government used force and power to exercise their will against Vernon John and the Black Americans. The movie demonstrates a great example of what goes on in society today. Although the United States may not be going through the exact same situation of discrimination as the 1900s, we are still facing sorts of discrimination and hate crimes today. Which leads me into my next example, the recent Boston Marathon bombings. The Boston Marathon bombings is an alleged terrorist attack that happened during the finish of the 2013 Boston Marathon. On April 15th, 2013, two Muslim brothers from Massachusetts detonated two explosives near the finish line of the Marathon, killing three people and injuring more than 200 people. The 2013 Boston Marathon Bombings display the conflict some people have with society. I am not in the head of the bombers or the investigators so I am only speaking from an outside perspective. With that being said, I cannot imagine what they were thinking when setting off these two explosions in front of thousands of people. From the suspects point of view, they must have seen the world from a conflict perspective. They must have believed that they didn’t fit into society. In a Wall Street Journal article, one suspect claims â€Å"he and his brother were angry about the U. S. wars in Afghanistan and Iraq and the killing of Muslims there† (Authorities Say Bomb Suspects Planned NYC Attack). My only guess is that their hatred for the United States is so fierce that they concluded in carrying out these horrible acts. It appears that other groups from over seas heavily influenced the suspects. This is just one example of how government, religion, and cultural differences can become conflicting in society. The mass media can influence the coverage of any story by the time it reaches the public. The mass media is defined by Sociology in Modules as, â€Å"print and electronic means of communication that carries messages to widespread audiences† (Schaefer 153). The leverage they have is huge in what information/sources they have and what they release. In the coverage of the Boston Bombings, the media helped the public understand of what precautions they should take around the threatened area. The media also helped people from across the country understand what was happening in Boston. In this case, I believe the media did a good job in providing accurate information to the public. However, this is not always the case. The conflict view states that gatekeeping can control what information reaches the public. For example the media can choose on which pieces of news to report on, leaving out specifics that could totally twist the story. They can also choose which sources they want to use which may also have an affect on the outcome of the story. Not all social classes have access to certain news sources. Many sources are behind a pay wall, which prohibits some potential viewers from accessing the information. The functionalist view would say that the mass media plays a role in society that keeps it moving forward. Sociology in Modules says, â€Å"the mass media is to occupy our leisure time—from newspaper comics and crossword puzzles to the latest music releases on the Internet. While that is true, the media have other important functions. They also socialize us, enforce social norms, confer status, and promote consumption† (Schaefer 154). This is all very true and it reinforces our viewpoints of the media. Overall, multiple theoretical perspectives can portray the mass media. Indeed, concepts and theoretical perspectives learned in class are used to illustrate events in society today. First, the example of the Vernon John’s story gives one the ability to see the upbringing of social change through the civil rights movement. The second example of the Food Inc. production is one that produces for profit without taking into consideration all the ethical and health needs of American citizens. Third, my example of the Boston Marathon Bombings illustrates conflict and hates crimes in our culture today. Lastly. The mass media acts as an agent between information and the public through print and electronic versions. The conflict and functionalists theoretical perspectives can be used to analyze the mass media. Therefore, social concepts and theoretical perspectives are used throughout the society we live in today. ? Works Cited â€Å"Authorities Say Bomb Suspects Planned NYC Attack. † WSJ. com. Associated Press, 26 Apr. 2013. Web. 26 Apr. 2013. Food, Inc. Dir. Robert Kenner. Movie One, 2008. DVD. Schaefer, Richard T. Sociology In Modules. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. McGrawHills Connect. Web. 4 Apr. 2013. The Vernon Johns Story. Dir. Kenneth Fink. 1994. DVD.